von Fumetti Stefanie

Crenobiosis: Adaptive radiation on spatially isolated islands vs. convergent evolution in interconnected patches

Project Number: CH-6405
Project Type: Dissertation
Project Duration: 04/01/2017 - 03/31/2021 project completed
Funding Source: other ,
Leading Institution: Universität Basel, Departement Umweltwissenschaften
Project Leader: PD Dr. Stefanie von Fumetti
Researcher
Geoeocology Research Group
Departement of Environmental Sciences
Universität Basel
Klingelbergstr. 27
4056 Basel
Phone: +41 (0) 61 207 08 17
e-Mail: stefanie.vonfumetti(at)unibas.ch
https://duw.unibas.ch/de/geooekologie/
Metadata: http://www.parcs.ch/snp/mmd_fullentry.php?docu_id=36212

related to this project.
for which the project has a relevance.

Disciplines:
hydrology, limnology, glaciology
environmental sciences


Abstract:
Crenobiosis: Adaptive radiation on spatially isolated islands vs. convergent evolution in interconnected patches Springs are considered as unique habitats, which harbour specialized species (crenobionts). They can be seen as island like habitats in a terrestrial matrix. It was for long assumed that the constantly cold water temperature in springs has a strong influence on the composition of the spring fauna. Recent research shows, however, that crenobiontic species most likely do not depend on constant water temperature. The present distribution range of a species is as a result of its biogeographic history, the present environmental conditions and the ability to disperse. Until now profound knowledge about superimposed processes such as species-specific dispersal and the phylogenetic background of spring species is very limited. If springs are seen as island-like habitats in a terrestrial matrix the degree of isolation would be crucial to explain crenobiosis. It is also possible that spring populations are interconnected patches of a large metapopulation where species disperse from one patch to another. Until now individual dispersal abilities of spring species have not been investigated. This is, however, important to better understand crenobiosis on different spatial scales. The aim of this PhD-Thesis is to investigate a) the phylogenetic history and b) the population genetics of selected crenobiontic species in order to gain knowledge about the dispersal abilities and the adaptation to springs, i.e. crenobiosis. This will be done using water mite as model organisms as they are exceptionally diverse in springs.

Leading questions:
a) Populationsgenetische Untersuchungen zur Isolation Im ersten Teil werden Modellarten ausgewählt, welche in den Untersuchungsgebieten häufig vorkommen und sich für das Untersuchen der rezenten, genetischen Isolation von Quellpopulationen eignen. Der Grad der Isolation wird danach durch gängige populationsgenetische Methoden untersucht und zwischen unterschiedlichen räumlichen Landschaftseinheiten (Quelle, Tal, Einzugsgebiet, …) verglichen.
b) Phylogenetik der krenobionten Wassermilben Durch die Rekonstruktion der Stammesgeschichte der Quellarten kann die Evolution der Quellbindung untersucht werden. Dabei steht die Frage nach der Herkunft der Quellgebundenheit im Zentrum. In diesem Teil der Arbeit wird der Frage nachgegangen, ob krenobionte Arten aufgrund einer klassischen, adaptiven Radiation oder aufgrund von konvergenter Evolution entstanden sind und sich dem Lebensraum Quelle angepasst haben. Ein gemeinsamer, nicht krenobionter Vorfahre würde einen Hinweis auf adaptive Radiation geben, wohingegen mehrere, voneinander unabhängige evolutionäre Linien eher für konvergente Evolution sprechen würden.

Publications:
Blattner, L.; Ebner, J.N., Zopfi, J., von Fumetti, S. Targeted non-invasive bioindicator species detection in eDNA water samples to assess and monitor the integrity of vulnerable alpine freshwater environments. Ecological Indicators, Volume 129, 2021, 107916. pdf Report


Blattner, L., Gerecke, R. & von Fumetti, S. 2019. Hidden biodiversity revealed by integrated morphology and genetic species delimitation of spring dwelling water mite species (Acari, Parasitengona: Hydrachnidia).Parasites and Vectors 12, 492.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-019-3750-y

Blattner, L., Lucek, K., Beck, N., Berner, N., von Fumetti, S.2021.Intra-Alpine Islands: Population genomic inference reveals high degree of isolation between freshwater spring habitats.Diversity and Distributions.DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13461

Blattner, L. 2021. Spring ecosystems of the Alps: Isolated biodiversity islands with distinctive species assemblages.phD Uni Basel. pdf pHD



Last update: 4/5/22
Source of data: ProClim- Research InfoSystem (1993-2024)
Update the data of project: CH-6405

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